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Stavudine is an orally bioavailable nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NARTI) active against HIV. Stavudine triphosphate inhibits the HIV reverse transcriptase in vitro by competing with natural substrate, thymidine triphosphate. Stavudine also causes termination of DNA replication by incorporating into the DNA strand. In clinical studies, stavudine has excellent oral bioavailability in excess of 80%. Stavudine also inhibits the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Stavudine reduces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulates Amyloid-β autophagy. Stavudine induces apoptosis.
| Molecular Weight | 224.21 |
| Formula | C10H12N2O4 |
| CAS Number | 3056-17-5 |
| Solubility (25°C) | DMSO 60 mg/mL Water 20 mg/mL |
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years ; 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months ; -20°C 1 month |
| Related Reverse Transcriptase Products |
|---|
| Abacavir sulfate
Abacavir is a commonly used nucleoside analogue with potent antiviral activity against HIV-1. |
| Dapivirine
Dapivirine is a non-nucleoside inhibitor for HIV reverse transcriptase with IC50 of 24 nM. Dapivirine (TMC120) binds directly to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Dapivirine (TMC120) regulates autophagy and induced Akt, Bad and SAPK/JNK activations. |
| Etravirine
Etravirine (TMC125) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) used for the treatment of HIV. |
| Rilpivirine (R278474)
Rilpivirine (R278474) is a potent and specific diarylpyrimidine (DAPY) non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). Rilpivirine has high antiviral activity against wild-type HIV (EC50=0.4 nM) and mutant viruses (EC50=0.1-2.0 nM). |
| Zidovudine
Zidovudine is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor. |
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