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Lys05 (Lys01 trihydrochloride) is a dimeric chloroquine (CQ) that deacidifies the lysosome and causes impairment of lysosomal enzymes, exhibiting more than 10-fold higher autophagy inhibitory potency than hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and CQ (LC3II/LC3I ratio = 15.4 post 4 hr 10 μM treatment in LN229 glioblastoma cells vs. <6.4 with 100 μM CQ or HCQ). Lys05 also shows higher anticancer activity both in vitro (IC50 3.6-6.0 μM vs. 15.6-23.8 μM with HCQ in 1205Lu, c8161, LN229, HT-29 cultures) and in mice in vivo (EC50 in reducing tumor growth rate ∼10 mg/kg/day i.p.; HT29 xenografts) with toxicity observed only at high doses (≥80 mg/kg) as a result of significant lysozyme reduction.
CAS#: 1391426-22-4 (free base)
| Molecular Weight | 549.75 |
| Formula | C23H23Cl2N5.3HCl |
| CAS Number | 1391426-24-6 |
| Solubility (25°C) | DMSO 2 mg/mL Water 5 mg/mL |
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years ; 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months ; -20°C 1 month |
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